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DASS-21, or the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales, is a validated psychological screening instrument that captures how often common mood-related symptoms occurred during the previous week. Its three seven-item sub-scales give separate views of depressive affect, physiological anxiety and tension-related stress.
This self-assessment presents each statement one at a time, records your selected frequency score, doubles the raw totals to match full-length norms, then groups results into colour-coded severity bands that a charting layer visualises instantly. All processing runs in your browser through a lightweight reactive engine.
You might use the tool to monitor wellbeing during exam periods or remote work transitions. If answering becomes distressing, pause and seek support. **Results do not constitute a clinical diagnosis.**
DASS-21 quantifies emotional states by summing item scores for each domain and scaling them onto a 0 – 42 range. Higher values indicate stronger symptom presence, helping users decide whether self-care or professional input is appropriate.
The scaled scores map to five interpretive bands: Normal, Mild, Moderate, Severe and Extremely Severe. Bands derive from population percentiles published in validation studies and guide urgency of follow-up.
| Parameter | Meaning | Typical Range |
|---|---|---|
| Item Score | Frequency selected for one statement | 0 – 3 |
| Raw Total | Sum of seven item scores per domain | 0 – 21 |
| Multiplier | Factor aligning 21-item form to 42-item norms | Fixed = 2 |
| Scaled Score | Raw Total × Multiplier | 0 – 42 |
| Severity Band | Qualitative label from cut-offs | 5 possible values |
Key validation comes from Lovibond & Lovibond (1995), Antony et al. (1998) and Crawford & Henry (2003), which discuss reliability, factor structure and normative data.
No sensitive data leaves your device, supporting GDPR principles of data minimisation.
This sequence keeps the assessment clear and focused.
The full 42-item DASS uses twice as many questions. Doubling preserves comparability with those normative tables.
Most users finish in under two minutes, though reading carefully may extend this slightly.
No. Answers remain only in your browser session and encode into the URL if you wish to revisit them later.
No. The scale identifies symptom severity but a qualified clinician must conduct formal diagnosis.
Consider contacting a mental-health professional promptly; severe scores suggest heightened distress that merits expert attention.