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Tags: Psychology , Psychometrics
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Daytime sleepiness is the tendency to doze during routine situations and it helps explain why alertness slips in familiar settings. The Epworth Sleepiness Scale summarizes your usual likelihood of dozing so you can decide what to do next.

You rate eight everyday situations from would never doze to high chance of dozing, then review one total and a band that reflects severity. Results also point to where sleepiness clusters such as passive environments, time in a vehicle, rest, or conversation.

Imagine you often nod off while reading and after lunch but stay engaged while talking. Your total rises and the pattern points to passive settings so you can adjust light, movement, or timing.

Think about typical days and keep the same frame of reference when you repeat the check. If your schedule changes or medicines shift, retake the scale to compare trends.

Technical Details:

The measure captures usual propensity to doze across eight contexts. A single Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) total is computed from item ratings and interpreted against severity bands. Subscores group related contexts to clarify where sleepiness concentrates.

Each situation is rated on a four‑point scale from 0 to 3. The total is the sum of all eight ratings and ranges from 0 to 24. Subscores aggregate items for passive environments, vehicle contexts, rest while lying down, and social interaction.

Severity bands indicate how the total relates to daytime sleepiness. Values near a boundary should be read cautiously because small changes in recent habits can shift the band.

S = ∑ i=1 8 si si ∈ {0,1,2,3} S ∈ [0,24]
Symbol Meaning Unit/Datatype Source
S Total ESS score over eight items Integer 0–24 Derived
si Item rating for situation i Integer 0–3 Input
P Passive environments subscore (items 1, 2, 3, 7) Integer 0–12 Derived
V Vehicle contexts subscore (items 4, 8) Integer 0–6 Derived
R Rest while lying down subscore (item 5) Integer 0–3 Derived
So Social interaction subscore (item 6) Integer 0–3 Derived
Severity band Lower bound Upper bound Implication Action cue
Lower Normal 0 5 Low daytime sleepiness Maintain helpful routines
Higher Normal 6 10 Upper end of normal Monitor patterns and habits
Mild EDS 11 12 Mild excessive sleepiness Tweak schedule and environment
Moderate EDS 13 15 Noticeable impact on alertness Consider professional review
Severe EDS 16 24 High risk of daytime dozing Seek medical evaluation

Comparisons are most meaningful within a person using similar conditions. Subscores help explain context sensitivity but do not replace the total for banding.

Validation & bounds

Field Type Min Max Step/Pattern Error text Placeholder
Answer option Integer 0 3 Step 1 None —
Encoded responses (r) String 8 8 ^[0-3\-]{8}$ Ignored if invalid Eight digits or -

I/O formats & encoding

Input Accepted families Output Encoding/Precision Rounding
Eight situation ratings Integers 0–3 Total, severity band, subscores, gauge, answers table URL parameter r with digits 0–3 or - Not applicable

Networking & storage

  • Processing is browser‑based; no data is transmitted or stored server‑side.
  • Selections can be encoded in the page address via r; share links thoughtfully.
  • Copy, download, and document export operate locally.

Performance & determinism

  • Computation is O(8) time and O(1) memory.
  • Identical inputs yield identical outputs.

Assumptions & limitations

  • Heads‑up Self‑report may vary day to day.
  • Unusual weeks can skew interpretation.
  • Recent caffeine or medications can shift ratings.
  • Shift work may change baseline sleepiness.
  • Subscores indicate contexts; they are not diagnoses.
  • Totals near band edges merit repeat checks.
  • Sharing encoded links may expose results to others.
  • Vehicle‑related items require added caution for safety.

Edge cases & error sources

  • Incomplete answers delay totals and exports.
  • Non‑digit characters in r are ignored by design.
  • Wrong r length prevents decoding.
  • Mixing old and new answers can confuse comparisons.
  • Clipboard permissions can block copy.
  • Pop‑up blocking can interrupt downloads.
  • Very small screens may hide the active question list.
  • Accessibility settings can change focus behavior.
  • Network filters may block the charting layer.
  • Browser extensions can interfere with export actions.

Privacy & compliance

No data is transmitted or stored server‑side. Results are informational and not medical advice.

Step‑by‑Step Guide:

The Epworth Sleepiness Scale helps you summarize daytime sleepiness and see where it concentrates.

  1. Select Start to begin.
  2. Rate each situation from 0 to 3 based on usual likelihood of dozing.
  3. Use the question list to revisit any item as needed.
  4. Review the total, severity band, and subscores.
  5. Optionally copy answers or download a summary document.
Example: After eight ratings you see total 11, band Mild EDS, with passive contexts highest. Plan breaks and bright light for long passive tasks.

Finish by noting one concrete change to try, then retest after a consistent week.

FAQ:

Is my data stored?

No. Answers remain on your device and are not uploaded. Copy and download actions occur locally.

Share links only if you intend others to view your encoded responses.
How accurate is the result?

It reflects your typical dozing tendency across eight contexts. Treat it as guidance and repeat after a consistent week to confirm trends.

What does a borderline result mean?

Scores near 10 to 12 sit at the edge between normal and mild sleepiness. Small changes in habits can move you across a band.

Which units or formats are used?

Items are integers 0 to 3, the total is 0 to 24, and exports provide a simple table of your answers alongside the summary.

Can I share results?

Yes. Your selections can be encoded in the page address using an r parameter. Share with care since the link reveals your answers.

Does it work offline?

Computation runs in the browser. If a chart or export is unavailable, check that required assets are allowed by your network or device.

What does EDS stand for?

Excessive Daytime Sleepiness, a higher likelihood of dozing during the day in typical situations.

Is there any cost or license note?

No cost or licensing terms are indicated in the package. Use is subject to your site or platform policies.

Troubleshooting:

  • No total shows — make sure all eight items are answered.
  • Gauge missing — allow required assets and reload the page.
  • Copy fails — grant clipboard permission or try the download option.
  • Download blocked — allow pop‑ups for this site and retry.
  • Link does not restore answers — check the r parameter has exactly eight characters.
  • Scrolling list is hard to use — widen the window or rotate your device.

Glossary:

Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS)
An eight‑item questionnaire that summarizes daytime sleepiness.
Excessive Daytime Sleepiness (EDS)
Higher than usual tendency to doze during the day.
Severity band
A range of totals that indicates broad level of sleepiness.
Subscore
A grouped total that highlights context‑specific sleepiness.
Encoded responses
A compact string that can store your eight ratings in the address.
Driving caution
A safety note when vehicle‑related items score high.